ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
摘要
ABSTRACT
1 Introduction
1.1 General introduction
1.2 Purpose of study
1.3 Major contributions
1.4 Organizing the thesis
2 Literature Review
2.1 Chapter overview
2.2 Overview of global energy generation and consumption
2.2.1 Energy generation
2.2.2 Energy consumption
2.2.3 Global energy crisis
2.3 Pakistan energy generation and consumption
2.3.1 Energy generation
2.3.2 Pakistan’s energy crisis and its effects
2.4 Relationship of electricity consumption with sustainable economic growth
2.5 Determinants of and role of renewable energy on sustainable economic growth
2.6 Hybrid energy technology
2.6.1 Following studies support HES and its techno-economic analysis and feasibility.
2.6.2 RETs assessments and empirical background
2.7 Technology adoption
2.7.1 Conceptual background of technology adoption
2.7.2 Factors affecting adoption of innovations
2.8 Determinants of adoption (DOA)and willingness of adoption (WOA)
2.9 Summary of literature review
2.10 Research gap
3 Theoretical Framework,Empirical Analysis,and Research Methodology
3.1 Techno-economic Assessment of HES
3.1.1 Theoretical analysis
3.1.2 Empirical research design
3.1.3 Selection of data and site. (Techno-economic Assessment of HES)
3.2 Social acceptance,determinants of adoption (DOA)and willingness of adoption (WOA)of RETs
3.2.1 Theoretical analysis
3.2.2 Empirical research design for RETS(DOA and WOA)
3.2.3 Scheme of study,data collection,and site selection RETs(DOA and WOA)
4 Techno-Economic Assessment of Hybrid Energy System in Rural Pakistan
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Overview of power sector in Pakistan
4.1.2 Major contributions
4.1.3 Recent studies on techno-economic analysis of hybrid energy system
4.2 Proposed rural energy system design framework
4.2.1 Pre-HOMER assessment
4.2.2 Techno-financial analysis
4.2.3 Sensitivity analysis
4.2.4 Robustness check
4.3 Implementation of proposed framework
4.3.1 Socio-economic profile
4.3.2 Load assessment
4.3.3 Solar irradiance and clearness index
4.3.4 Wind energy
4.3.5 Biomass
4.3.6 Component details
4.4 Techno-economic parameters and potential solutions
4.4.1 Component parameters and costs
4.4.2 Economic inputs and criteria
4.4.3 Potential solutions and configurations
4.5 Simulation,optimization,sensitivity and robustness analysis
4.5.1 Technical results
4.5.2 Economic results
4.5.3 Tariff implementation
4.5.4 Sensitivity analysis
4.6 Robustness checks
4.7 Conclusions
5 Determinants of Adoption and the Type of Solar PV Technology Adopted in rural Pakistan
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Theoretical framework and empirical strategy
5.2.1 Sampling Procedures and Techniques
5.2.2 Questionnaire and Survey
5.2.3 Theatrical framework
5.2.4 Empirical modeling
5.2.5 Explanatory variables for adoption of solar PV system and its types
5.2.6 Profiles of sampled households
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Determinants of households’adoption for solar PV system
5.3.2 Determinants for adoption decision of different types of Solar PV system
5.4 Conclusion and recommendation
6 Economics of Determinants for Biogas Adoption and Willingness to Adopt Biogas Technology in the Wake of Socio-Demographic,Environmental,Institutional and Infrastructural Attributes of the Households in Pakistan
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Energy consumption,economic development,and biogas potential in Pakistan
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